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Nehemiah English Standard Version (ESV)
Chapter 1
Report from Jerusalem
1The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah.Now it happened in the month of Chislev, in the
twentieth year, as I was in Susa the capital, 2that Hanani, one of my brothers, came with certain
men from Judah. And I asked them concerning the Jews who escaped, who had survived the exile,
and concerning Jerusalem. 3And they said to me, "The remnant there in the province who had
survived the exile is in great trouble and shame. The wall of Jerusalem is broken down, and its
gates are destroyed by fire."
Nehemiah's Prayer
4As soon as I heard these words I sat down and wept and mourned for days, and I continued
fasting and praying before the God of heaven. 5And I said, "O LORD God of heaven, the great
and awesome God who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his
commandments, 6let your ear be attentive and your eyes open, to hear the prayer of your servant
that I now pray before you day and night for the people of Israel your servants, confessing the
sins of the people of Israel, which we have sinned against you. Even I and my father's house have
sinned. 7We have acted very corruptly against you and have not kept the commandments, the
statutes, and the rules that you commanded your servant Moses. 8Remember the word that you
commanded your servant Moses, saying, 'If you are unfaithful, I will scatter you among the
peoples, 9but if you return to me and keep my commandments and do them, though your
dispersed be under the farthest skies, I will gather them from there and bring them to the place
that I have chosen, to make my name dwell there.' 10They are your servants and your people,
whom you have redeemed by your great power and by your strong hand. 11O Lord, let your ear be
attentive to the prayer of your servant, and to the prayer of your servants who delight to fear your
name, and give success to your servant today, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man."Now
I was cupbearer to the king.
Chapter 2
Nehemiah Sent to Judah
1In the month of Nisan, in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, when wine was before him, I
took up the wine and gave it to the king. Now I had not been sad in his presence. 2And the king
said to me, "Why is your face sad, seeing you are not sick? This is nothing but sadness of the
heart." Then I was very much afraid. 3I said to the king, "Let the king live forever! Why should
not my face be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' graves, lies in ruins, and its gates have
been destroyed by fire?" 4Then the king said to me, "What are you requesting?" So I prayed to the
God of heaven. 5And I said to the king, "If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor
in your sight, that you send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers' graves, that I may rebuild it."
6And the king said to me (the queen sitting beside him), "How long will you be gone, and when
will you return?" So it pleased the king to send me when I had given him a time. 7And I said to the
king, "If it pleases the king, let letters be given me to the governors of the province Beyond the
River, that they may let me pass through until I come to Judah, 8and a letter to Asaph, the keeper
of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the fortress of the
temple, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall occupy." And the king granted
me what I asked, for the good hand of my God was upon me.
Nehemiah Inspects Jerusalem's Walls
9Then I came to the governors of the province Beyond the River and gave them the king's letters.
Now the king had sent with me officers of the army and horsemen. 10But when Sanballat the
Horonite and Tobiah, the Ammonite servant, heard this, it displeased them greatly that someone
had come to seek the welfare of the people of Israel.
11So I went to Jerusalem and was there three days. 12Then I arose in the night, I and a few men
with me. And I told no one what my God had put into my heart to do for Jerusalem. There was
no animal with me but the one on which I rode. 13I went out by night by the Valley Gate to the
Dragon Spring and to the Dung Gate, and I inspected the walls of Jerusalem that were broken
down and its gates that had been destroyed by fire. 14Then I went on to the Fountain Gate and to
the King's Pool, but there was no room for the animal that was under me to pass. 15Then I went up
in the night by the valley and inspected the wall, and I turned back and entered by the Valley Gate,
and so returned. 16And the officials did not know where I had gone or what I was doing, and I had
not yet told the Jews, the priests, the nobles, the officials, and the rest who were to do the work.
17Then I said to them, "You see the trouble we are in, how Jerusalem lies in ruins with its gates
burned. Come, let us build the wall of Jerusalem, that we may no longer suffer derision." 18And I
told them of the hand of my God that had been upon me for good, and also of the words that the
king had spoken to me. And they said, "Let us rise up and build." So they strengthened their
hands for the good work. 19But when Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite servant
and Geshem the Arab heard of it, they jeered at us and despised us and said, "What is this thing
that you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?" 20Then I replied to them, "The God of
heaven will make us prosper, and we his servants will arise and build, but you have no portion or
right or claim in Jerusalem."
Chapter 3
Rebuilding the Wall
1Then Eliashib the high priest rose up with his brothers the priests, and they built the Sheep Gate.
They consecrated it and set its doors. They consecrated it as far as the Tower of the Hundred, as
far as the Tower of Hananel. 2And next to him the men of Jericho built. And next to them Zaccur
the son of Imri built.
3The sons of Hassenaah built the Fish Gate. They laid its beams and set its doors, its bolts, and its
bars. 4And next to them Meremoth the son of Uriah, son of Hakkoz repaired. And next to them
Meshullam the son of Berechiah, son of Meshezabel repaired. And next to them Zadok the son of
Baana repaired. 5And next to them the Tekoites repaired, but their nobles would not stoop to
serve their Lord.
6Joiada the son of Paseah and Meshullam the son of Besodeiah repaired the Gate of Yeshanah.
They laid its beams and set its doors, its bolts, and its bars. 7And next to them repaired Melatiah
the Gibeonite and Jadon the Meronothite, the men of Gibeon and of Mizpah, the seat of the
governor of the province Beyond the River. 8Next to them Uzziel the son of Harhaiah, goldsmiths,
repaired. Next to him Hananiah, one of the perfumers, repaired, and they restored Jerusalem as far
as the Broad Wall. 9Next to them Rephaiah the son of Hur, ruler of half the district of Jerusalem,
repaired. 10Next to them Jedaiah the son of Harumaph repaired opposite his house. And next to
him Hattush the son of Hashabneiah repaired. 11Malchijah the son of Harim and Hasshub the son
of Pahath-moab repaired another section and the Tower of the Ovens. 12Next to him Shallum the
son of Hallohesh, ruler of half the district of Jerusalem, repaired, he and his daughters.
13Hanun and the inhabitants of Zanoah repaired the Valley Gate. They rebuilt it and set its doors,
its bolts, and its bars, and repaired a thousand cubits of the wall, as far as the Dung Gate.
14Malchijah the son of Rechab, ruler of the district of Beth-haccherem, repaired the Dung Gate.
He rebuilt it and set its doors, its bolts, and its bars.
15And Shallum the son of Col-hozeh, ruler of the district of Mizpah, repaired the Fountain Gate.
He rebuilt it and covered it and set its doors, its bolts, and its bars. And he built the wall of the
Pool of Shelah of the king's garden, as far as the stairs that go down from the City of David.
16After him Nehemiah the son of Azbuk, ruler of half the district of Beth-zur, repaired to a point
opposite the tombs of David, as far as the artificial pool, and as far as the house of the mighty
men. 17After him the Levites repaired: Rehum the son of Bani. Next to him Hashabiah, ruler of
half the district of Keilah, repaired for his district. 18After him their brothers repaired: Bavvai the
son of Henadad, ruler of half the district of Keilah. 19Next to him Ezer the son of Jeshua, ruler of
Mizpah, repaired another section opposite the ascent to the armory at the buttress. 20After him
Baruch the son of Zabbai repaired another section from the buttress to the door of the house of
Eliashib the high priest. 21After him Meremoth the son of Uriah, son of Hakkoz repaired another
section from the door of the house of Eliashib to the end of the house of Eliashib. 22After him the
priests, the men of the surrounding area, repaired. 23After them Benjamin and Hasshub repaired
opposite their house. After them Azariah the son of Maaseiah, son of Ananiah repaired beside his
own house. 24After him Binnui the son of Henadad repaired another section, from the house of
Azariah to the buttress 25and to the corner. Palal the son of Uzai repaired opposite the buttress
and the tower projecting from the upper house of the king at the court of the guard. After him
Pedaiah the son of Parosh 26and the temple servants living on Ophel repaired to a point opposite
the Water Gate on the east and the projecting tower. 27After him the Tekoites repaired another
section opposite the great projecting tower as far as the wall of Ophel.
28Above the Horse Gate the priests repaired, each one opposite his own house. 29After them
Zadok the son of Immer repaired opposite his own house. After him Shemaiah the son of
Shecaniah, the keeper of the East Gate, repaired. 30After him Hananiah the son of Shelemiah and
Hanun the sixth son of Zalaph repaired another section. After him Meshullam the son of
Berechiah repaired opposite his chamber. 31After him Malchijah, one of the goldsmiths, repaired as
far as the house of the temple servants and of the merchants, opposite the Muster Gate, and to the
upper chamber of the corner. 32And between the upper chamber of the corner and the Sheep Gate
the goldsmiths and the merchants repaired.
Chapter 4
Opposition to the Work
1 Now when Sanballat heard that we were building the wall, he was angry and greatly enraged,
and he jeered at the Jews. 2And he said in the presence of his brothers and of the army of Samaria,
"What are these feeble Jews doing? Will they restore it for themselves? Will they sacrifice? Will
they finish up in a day? Will they revive the stones out of the heaps of rubbish, and burned ones at
that?" 3Tobiah the Ammonite was beside him, and he said, "Yes, what they are building--if a fox
goes up on it he will break down their stone wall!" 4Hear, O our God, for we are despised. Turn
back their taunt on their own heads and give them up to be plundered in a land where they are
captives. 5Do not cover their guilt, and let not their sin be blotted out from your sight, for they
have provoked you to anger in the presence of the builders.
6So we built the wall. And all the wall was joined together to half its height, for the people had a
mind to work.
7 But when Sanballat and Tobiah and the Arabs and the Ammonites and the Ashdodites heard that
the repairing of the walls of Jerusalem was going forward and that the breaches were beginning to
be closed, they were very angry. 8And they all plotted together to come and fight against
Jerusalem and to cause confusion in it. 9And we prayed to our God and set a guard as a protection
against them day and night.
10In Judah it was said, "The strength of those who bear the burdens is failing. There is too much
rubble. By ourselves we will not be able to rebuild the wall." 11And our enemies said, "They will
not know or see till we come among them and kill them and stop the work." 12At that time the
Jews who lived near them came from all directions and said to us ten times, "You must return to
us." 13So in the lowest parts of the space behind the wall, in open places, I stationed the people by
their clans, with their swords, their spears, and their bows. 14And I looked and arose and said to
the nobles and to the officials and to the rest of the people, "Do not be afraid of them. Remember
the Lord, who is great and awesome, and fight for your brothers, your sons, your daughters, your
wives, and your homes."
The Work Resumes
15When our enemies heard that it was known to us and that God had frustrated their plan, we all
returned to the wall, each to his work. 16From that day on, half of my servants worked on
construction, and half held the spears, shields, bows, and coats of mail. And the leaders stood
behind the whole house of Judah, 17who were building on the wall. Those who carried burdens
were loaded in such a way that each labored on the work with one hand and held his weapon with
the other. 18And each of the builders had his sword strapped at his side while he built. The man
who sounded the trumpet was beside me. 19And I said to the nobles and to the officials and to the
rest of the people, "The work is great and widely spread, and we are separated on the wall, far
from one another. 20In the place where you hear the sound of the trumpet, rally to us there. Our
God will fight for us."
21So we labored at the work, and half of them held the spears from the break of dawn until the
stars came out. 22I also said to the people at that time, "Let every man and his servant pass the
night within Jerusalem, that they may be a guard for us by night and may labor by day." 23So
neither I nor my brothers nor my servants nor the men of the guard who followed me, none of us
took off our clothes; each kept his weapon at his right hand.
Chapter 5
Nehemiah Stops Oppression of the Poor
1Now there arose a great outcry of the people and of their wives against their Jewish brothers.
2For there were those who said, "With our sons and our daughters, we are many. So let us get
grain, that we may eat and keep alive." 3There were also those who said, "We are mortgaging our
fields, our vineyards, and our houses to get grain because of the famine." 4And there were those
who said, "We have borrowed money for the king's tax on our fields and our vineyards. 5Now our
flesh is as the flesh of our brothers, our children are as their children. Yet we are forcing our sons
and our daughters to be slaves, and some of our daughters have already been enslaved, but it is
not in our power to help it, for other men have our fields and our vineyards."
6I was very angry when I heard their outcry and these words. 7I took counsel with myself, and I
brought charges against the nobles and the officials. I said to them, "You are exacting interest,
each from his brother." And I held a great assembly against them 8and said to them, "We, as far as
we are able, have bought back our Jewish brothers who have been sold to the nations, but you
even sell your brothers that they may be sold to us!" They were silent and could not find a word
to say. 9So I said, "The thing that you are doing is not good. Ought you not to walk in the fear of
our God to prevent the taunts of the nations our enemies? 10Moreover, I and my brothers and my
servants are lending them money and grain. Let us abandon this exacting of interest. 11Return to
them this very day their fields, their vineyards, their olive orchards, and their houses, and the
percentage of money, grain, wine, and oil that you have been exacting from them." 12Then they
said, "We will restore these and require nothing from them. We will do as you say." And I called
the priests and made them swear to do as they had promised. 13I also shook out the fold of my
garment and said, "So may God shake out every man from his house and from his labor who does
not keep this promise. So may he be shaken out and emptied." And all the assembly said "Amen"
and praised the LORD. And the people did as they had promised.
Nehemiah's Generosity
14Moreover, from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the
twentieth year to the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes the king, twelve years, neither I nor my
brothers ate the food allowance of the governor. 15The former governors who were before me laid
heavy burdens on the people and took from them for their daily ration forty shekels of silver. Even
their servants lorded it over the people. But I did not do so, because of the fear of God. 16I also
persevered in the work on this wall, and we acquired no land, and all my servants were gathered
there for the work. 17Moreover, there were at my table 150 men, Jews and officials, besides those
who came to us from the nations that were around us. 18Now what was prepared at my expense
for each day was one ox and six choice sheep and birds, and every ten days all kinds of wine in
abundance. Yet for all this I did not demand the food allowance of the governor, because the
service was too heavy on this people. 19Remember for my good, O my God, all that I have done
for this people.
Chapter 6
Conspiracy Against Nehemiah
1Now when Sanballat and Tobiah and Geshem the Arab and the rest of our enemies heard that I
had built the wall and that there was no breach left in it (although up to that time I had not set up
the doors in the gates), 2Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, "Come and let us meet together
at Hakkephirim in the plain of Ono." But they intended to do me harm. 3And I sent messengers to
them, saying, "I am doing a great work and I cannot come down. Why should the work stop while
I leave it and come down to you?" 4And they sent to me four times in this way, and I answered
them in the same manner. 5In the same way Sanballat for the fifth time sent his servant to me with
an open letter in his hand. 6In it was written, "It is reported among the nations, and Geshem also
says it, that you and the Jews intend to rebel; that is why you are building the wall. And according
to these reports you wish to become their king. 7And you have also set up prophets to proclaim
concerning you in Jerusalem, 'There is a king in Judah.' And now the king will hear of these
reports. So now come and let us take counsel together." 8Then I sent to him, saying, "No such
things as you say have been done, for you are inventing them out of your own mind." 9For they all
wanted to frighten us, thinking, "Their hands will drop from the work, and it will not be done."
But now, O God, strengthen my hands.
10Now when I went into the house of Shemaiah the son of Delaiah, son of Mehetabel, who was
confined to his home, he said, "Let us meet together in the house of God, within the temple. Let
us close the doors of the temple, for they are coming to kill you. They are coming to kill you by
night." 11But I said, "Should such a man as I run away? And what man such as I could go into the
temple and live? I will not go in." 12And I understood and saw that God had not sent him, but he
had pronounced the prophecy against me because Tobiah and Sanballat had hired him. 13For this
purpose he was hired, that I should be afraid and act in this way and sin, and so they could give
me a bad name in order to taunt me. 14Remember Tobiah and Sanballat, O my God, according to
these things that they did, and also the prophetess Noadiah and the rest of the prophets who
wanted to make me afraid.
The Wall Is Finished
15So the wall was finished on the twenty-fifth day of the month Elul, in fifty-two days. 16And when
all our enemies heard of it, all the nations around us were afraid and fell greatly in their own
esteem, for they perceived that this work had been accomplished with the help of our God.
17Moreover, in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters to Tobiah, and Tobiah's letters
came to them. 18For many in Judah were bound by oath to him, because he was the son-in-law of
Shecaniah the son of Arah: and his son Jehohanan had taken the daughter of Meshullam the son of
Berechiah as his wife. 19Also they spoke of his good deeds in my presence and reported my words
to him. And Tobiah sent letters to make me afraid.
Chapter 7
1Now when the wall had been built and I had set up the doors, and the gatekeepers, the singers,
and the Levites had been appointed, 2I gave my brother Hanani and Hananiah the governor of the
castle charge over Jerusalem, for he was a more faithful and God-fearing man than many. 3And I
said to them, "Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun is hot. And while they are
still standing guard, let them shut and bar the doors. Appoint guards from among the inhabitants
of Jerusalem, some at their guard posts and some in front of their own homes." 4The city was wide
and large, but the people within it were few, and no houses had been rebuilt.
Lists of Returned Exiles
5Then my God put it into my heart to assemble the nobles and the officials and the people to be
enrolled by genealogy. And I found the book of the genealogy of those who came up at the first,
and I found written in it:
6These were the people of the province who came up out of the captivity of those exiles whom
Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried into exile. They returned to Jerusalem and
Judah, each to his town. 7They came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah,
Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, Baanah.The number of the men of the
people of Israel: 8the sons of Parosh, 2,172. 9The sons of Shephatiah, 372. 10The sons of Arah,
652. 11The sons of Pahath-moab, namely the sons of Jeshua and Joab, 2,818. 12The sons of Elam,
1,254. 13The sons of Zattu, 845. 14The sons of Zaccai, 760. 15The sons of Binnui, 648. 16The sons
of Bebai, 628. 17The sons of Azgad, 2,322. 18The sons of Adonikam, 667. 19The sons of Bigvai,
2,067. 20The sons of Adin, 655. 21The sons of Ater, namely of Hezekiah, 98. 22The sons of
Hashum, 328. 23The sons of Bezai, 324. 24The sons of Hariph, 112. 25The sons of Gibeon, 95. 26The
men of Bethlehem and Netophah, 188. 27The men of Anathoth, 128. 28The men of Beth-azmaveth,
42. 29The men of Kiriath-jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth, 743. 30The men of Ramah and Geba,
621. 31The men of Michmas, 122. 32The men of Bethel and Ai, 123. 33The men of the other Nebo,
52. 34The sons of the other Elam, 1,254. 35The sons of Harim, 320. 36The sons of Jericho, 345.
37The sons of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, 721. 38The sons of Senaah, 3,930.
39The priests: the sons of Jedaiah, namely the house of Jeshua, 973. 40The sons of Immer, 1,052.
41The sons of Pashhur, 1,247. 42The sons of Harim, 1,017.
43The Levites: the sons of Jeshua, namely of Kadmiel of the sons of Hodevah, 74. 44The singers:
the sons of Asaph, 148. 45The gatekeepers: the sons of Shallum, the sons of Ater, the sons of
Talmon, the sons of Akkub, the sons of Hatita, the sons of Shobai, 138.
46The temple servants: the sons of Ziha, the sons of Hasupha, the sons of Tabbaoth, 47the sons of
Keros, the sons of Sia, the sons of Padon, 48the sons of Lebana, the sons of Hagaba, the sons of
Shalmai, 49the sons of Hanan, the sons of Giddel, the sons of Gahar, 50the sons of Reaiah, the sons
of Rezin, the sons of Nekoda, 51the sons of Gazzam, the sons of Uzza, the sons of Paseah, 52the
sons of Besai, the sons of Meunim, the sons of Nephushesim, 53the sons of Bakbuk, the sons of
Hakupha, the sons of Harhur, 54the sons of Bazlith, the sons of Mehida, the sons of Harsha, 55the
sons of Barkos, the sons of Sisera, the sons of Temah, 56the sons of Neziah, the sons of Hatipha.
57The sons of Solomon's servants: the sons of Sotai, the sons of Sophereth, the sons of Perida,
58the sons of Jaala, the sons of Darkon, the sons of Giddel, 59the sons of Shephatiah, the sons of
Hattil, the sons of Pochereth-hazzebaim, the sons of Amon.
60All the temple servants and the sons of Solomon's servants were 392.
61The following were those who came up from Tel-melah, Tel-harsha, Cherub, Addon, and
Immer, but they could not prove their fathers' houses nor their descent, whether they belonged to
Israel: 62the sons of Delaiah, the sons of Tobiah, the sons of Nekoda, 642. 63Also, of the priests:
the sons of Hobaiah, the sons of Hakkoz, the sons of Barzillai (who had taken a wife of the
daughters of Barzillai the Gileadite and was called by their name). 64These sought their registration
among those enrolled in the genealogies, but it was not found there, so they were excluded from
the priesthood as unclean. 65The governor told them that they were not to partake of the most
holy food until a priest with Urim and Thummim should arise.
Totals of People and Gifts
66The whole assembly together was 42,360, 67besides their male and female servants, of whom
there were 7,337. And they had 245 singers, male and female. 68Their horses were 736, their
mules 245, 69their camels 435, and their donkeys 6,720.
70Now some of the heads of fathers' houses gave to the work. The governor gave to the treasury
1,000 darics of gold, 50 basins, 30 priests' garments and 500 minas of silver. 71And some of the
heads of fathers' houses gave into the treasury of the work 20,000 darics of gold and 2,200 minas
of silver. 72And what the rest of the people gave was 20,000 darics of gold, 2,000 minas of silver,
and 67 priests' garments.
73So the priests, the Levites, the gatekeepers, the singers, some of the people, the temple servants,
and all Israel, lived in their towns.And when the seventh month had come, the people of Israel
were in their towns.
Chapter 8
Ezra Reads the Law
1And all the people gathered as one man into the square before the Water Gate. And they told
Ezra the scribe to bring the Book of the Law of Moses that the LORD had commanded Israel. 2So
Ezra the priest brought the Law before the assembly, both men and women and all who could
understand what they heard, on the first day of the seventh month. 3And he read from it facing the
square before the Water Gate from early morning until midday, in the presence of the men and the
women and those who could understand. And the ears of all the people were attentive to the
Book of the Law. 4And Ezra the scribe stood on a wooden platform that they had made for the
purpose. And beside him stood Mattithiah, Shema, Anaiah, Uriah, Hilkiah, and Maaseiah on his
right hand, and Pedaiah, Mishael, Malchijah, Hashum, Hashbaddanah, Zechariah, and Meshullam
on his left hand. 5And Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people, for he was above all the
people, and as he opened it all the people stood. 6And Ezra blessed the LORD, the great God, and
all the people answered, "Amen, Amen," lifting up their hands. And they bowed their heads and
worshiped the LORD with their faces to the ground. 7Also Jeshua, Bani, Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub,
Shabbethai, Hodiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, Pelaiah, the Levites, helped the
people to understand the Law, while the people remained in their places. 8They read from the
book, from the Law of God, clearly, and they gave the sense, so that the people understood the
reading.
This Day Is Holy
9And Nehemiah, who was the governor, and Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who
taught the people said to all the people, "This day is holy to the LORD your God; do not mourn
or weep." For all the people wept as they heard the words of the Law. 10Then he said to them,
"Go your way. Eat the fat and drink sweet wine and send portions to anyone who has nothing
ready, for this day is holy to our Lord. And do not be grieved, for the joy of the LORD is your
strength." 11So the Levites calmed all the people, saying, "Be quiet, for this day is holy; do not be
grieved." 12And all the people went their way to eat and drink and to send portions and to make
great rejoicing, because they had understood the words that were declared to them.
Feast of Booths Celebrated
13On the second day the heads of fathers' houses of all the people, with the priests and the Levites,
came together to Ezra the scribe in order to study the words of the Law. 14And they found it
written in the Law that the LORD had commanded by Moses that the people of Israel should
dwell in booths during the feast of the seventh month, 15and that they should proclaim it and
publish it in all their towns and in Jerusalem, "Go out to the hills and bring branches of olive, wild
olive, myrtle, palm, and other leafy trees to make booths, as it is written." 16So the people went
out and brought them and made booths for themselves, each on his roof, and in their courts and in
the courts of the house of God, and in the square at the Water Gate and in the square at the Gate
of Ephraim. 17And all the assembly of those who had returned from the captivity made booths and
lived in the booths, for from the days of Jeshua the son of Nun to that day the people of Israel had
not done so. And there was very great rejoicing. 18And day by day, from the first day to the last
day, he read from the Book of the Law of God. They kept the feast seven days, and on the eighth
day there was a solemn assembly, according to the rule.
Chapter 9
The People of Israel Confess Their Sin
1Now on the twenty-fourth day of this month the people of Israel were assembled with fasting and
in sackcloth, and with earth on their heads. 2And the Israelites separated themselves from all
foreigners and stood and confessed their sins and the iniquities of their fathers. 3And they stood up
in their place and read from the Book of the Law of the LORD their God for a quarter of the day;
for another quarter of it they made confession and worshiped the LORD their God. 4On the stairs
of the Levites stood Jeshua, Bani, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Bunni, Sherebiah, Bani, and Chenani; and
they cried with a loud voice to the LORD their God. 5Then the Levites, Jeshua, Kadmiel, Bani,
Hashabneiah, Sherebiah, Hodiah, Shebaniah, and Pethahiah, said, "Stand up and bless the LORD
your God from everlasting to everlasting. Blessed be your glorious name, which is exalted above
all blessing and praise.
6 "You are the LORD, you alone. You have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their
host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them; and you preserve all of them;
and the host of heaven worships you. 7You are the LORD, the God who chose Abram and
brought him out of Ur of the Chaldeans and gave him the name Abraham. 8You found his heart
faithful before you, and made with him the covenant to give to his offspring the land of the
Canaanite, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Perizzite, the Jebusite, and the Girgashite. And you have
kept your promise, for you are righteous.
9"And you saw the affliction of our fathers in Egypt and heard their cry at the Red Sea, 10and
performed signs and wonders against Pharaoh and all his servants and all the people of his land,
for you knew that they acted arrogantly against our fathers. And you made a name for yourself, as
it is to this day. 11And you divided the sea before them, so that they went through the midst of the
sea on dry land, and you cast their pursuers into the depths, as a stone into mighty waters. 12By a
pillar of cloud you led them in the day, and by a pillar of fire in the night to light for them the way
in which they should go. 13You came down on Mount Sinai and spoke with them from heaven and
gave them right rules and true laws, good statutes and commandments, 14and you made known to
them your holy Sabbath and commanded them commandments and statutes and a law by Moses
your servant. 15You gave them bread from heaven for their hunger and brought water for them out
of the rock for their thirst, and you told them to go in to possess the land that you had sworn to
give them.
16"But they and our fathers acted presumptuously and stiffened their neck and did not obey your
commandments. 17They refused to obey and were not mindful of the wonders that you performed
among them, but they stiffened their neck and appointed a leader to return to their slavery in
Egypt. But you are a God ready to forgive, gracious and merciful, slow to anger and abounding in
steadfast love, and did not forsake them. 18Even when they had made for themselves a golden calf
and said, 'This is your God who brought you up out of Egypt,' and had committed great
blasphemies, 19you in your great mercies did not forsake them in the wilderness. The pillar of
cloud to lead them in the way did not depart from them by day, nor the pillar of fire by night to
light for them the way by which they should go. 20You gave your good Spirit to instruct them and
did not withhold your manna from their mouth and gave them water for their thirst. 21Forty years
you sustained them in the wilderness, and they lacked nothing. Their clothes did not wear out and
their feet did not swell.
22"And you gave them kingdoms and peoples and allotted to them every corner. So they took
possession of the land of Sihon king of Heshbon and the land of Og king of Bashan. 23You
multiplied their children as the stars of heaven, and you brought them into the land that you had
told their fathers to enter and possess. 24So the descendants went in and possessed the land, and
you subdued before them the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, and gave them into their
hand, with their kings and the peoples of the land, that they might do with them as they would.
25And they captured fortified cities and a rich land, and took possession of houses full of all good
things, cisterns already hewn, vineyards, olive orchards and fruit trees in abundance. So they ate
and were filled and became fat and delighted themselves in your great goodness.
26"Nevertheless, they were disobedient and rebelled against you and cast your law behind their
back and killed your prophets, who had warned them in order to turn them back to you, and they
committed great blasphemies. 27Therefore you gave them into the hand of their enemies, who
made them suffer. And in the time of their suffering they cried out to you and you heard them
from heaven, and according to your great mercies you gave them saviors who saved them from
the hand of their enemies. 28But after they had rest they did evil again before you, and you
abandoned them to the hand of their enemies, so that they had dominion over them. Yet when
they turned and cried to you, you heard from heaven, and many times you delivered them
according to your mercies. 29And you warned them in order to turn them back to your law. Yet
they acted presumptuously and did not obey your commandments, but sinned against your rules,
which if a person does them, he shall live by them, and turned a stubborn shoulder and stiffened
their neck and would not obey. 30Many years you bore with them and warned them by your Spirit
through your prophets. Yet they would not give ear. Therefore you gave them into the hand of
the peoples of the lands. 31Nevertheless, in your great mercies you did not make an end of them or
forsake them, for you are a gracious and merciful God.
32"Now, therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awesome God, who keeps covenant
and steadfast love, let not all the hardship seem little to you that has come upon us, upon our
kings, our princes, our priests, our prophets, our fathers, and all your people, since the time of the
kings of Assyria until this day. 33Yet you have been righteous in all that has come upon us, for you
have dealt faithfully and we have acted wickedly. 34Our kings, our princes, our priests, and our
fathers have not kept your law or paid attention to your commandments and your warnings that
you gave them. 35Even in their own kingdom, enjoying your great goodness that you gave them,
and in the large and rich land that you set before them, they did not serve you or turn from their
wicked works. 36Behold, we are slaves this day; in the land that you gave to our fathers to enjoy
its fruit and its good gifts, behold, we are slaves. 37And its rich yield goes to the kings whom you
have set over us because of our sins. They rule over our bodies and over our livestock as they
please, and we are in great distress.
38 "Because of all this we make a firm covenant in writing; on the sealed document are the names
of our princes, our Levites, and our priests."
Chapter 10
The People Who Sealed the Covenant
1 On the seals are the names of Nehemiah the governor, the son of Hacaliah, Zedekiah, 2Seraiah,
Azariah, Jeremiah, 3Pashhur, Amariah, Malchijah, 4Hattush, Shebaniah, Malluch, 5Harim,
Meremoth, Obadiah, 6Daniel, Ginnethon, Baruch, 7Meshullam, Abijah, Mijamin, 8Maaziah, Bilgai,
Shemaiah; these are the priests. 9And the Levites: Jeshua the son of Azaniah, Binnui of the sons of
Henadad, Kadmiel; 10and their brothers, Shebaniah, Hodiah, Kelita, Pelaiah, Hanan, 11Mica,
Rehob, Hashabiah, 12Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah, 13Hodiah, Bani, Beninu. 14The chiefs of the
people: Parosh, Pahath-moab, Elam, Zattu, Bani, 15Bunni, Azgad, Bebai, 16Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin,
17Ater, Hezekiah, Azzur, 18Hodiah, Hashum, Bezai, 19Hariph, Anathoth, Nebai, 20Magpiash,
Meshullam, Hezir, 21Meshezabel, Zadok, Jaddua, 22Pelatiah, Hanan, Anaiah, 23Hoshea, Hananiah,
Hasshub, 24Hallohesh, Pilha, Shobek, 25Rehum, Hashabnah, Maaseiah, 26Ahiah, Hanan, Anan,
27Malluch, Harim, Baanah.
The Obligations of the Covenant
28The rest of the people, the priests, the Levites, the gatekeepers, the singers, the temple servants,
and all who have separated themselves from the peoples of the lands to the Law of God, their
wives, their sons, their daughters, all who have knowledge and understanding, 29join with their
brothers, their nobles, and enter into a curse and an oath to walk in God's Law that was given by
Moses the servant of God, and to observe and do all the commandments of the LORD our Lord
and his rules and his statutes. 30"We will not give our daughters to the peoples of the land or take
their daughters for our sons. 31And if the peoples of the land bring in goods or any grain on the
Sabbath day to sell, we will not buy from them on the Sabbath or on a holy day. And we will
forego the crops of the seventh year and the exaction of every debt.
32"We also take on ourselves the obligation to give yearly a third part of a shekel for the service of
the house of our God: 33for the showbread, the regular grain offering, the regular burnt offering,
the Sabbaths, the new moons, the appointed feasts, the holy things, and the sin offerings to make
atonement for Israel, and for all the work of the house of our God. 34We, the priests, the Levites,
and the people, have likewise cast lots for the wood offering, to bring it into the house of our
God, according to our fathers' houses, at times appointed, year by year, to burn on the altar of the
LORD our God, as it is written in the Law. 35We obligate ourselves to bring the firstfruits of our
ground and the firstfruits of all fruit of every tree, year by year, to the house of the LORD; 36also
to bring to the house of our God, to the priests who minister in the house of our God, the
firstborn of our sons and of our cattle, as it is written in the Law, and the firstborn of our herds
and of our flocks; 37and to bring the first of our dough, and our contributions, the fruit of every
tree, the wine and the oil, to the priests, to the chambers of the house of our God; and to bring to
the Levites the tithes from our ground, for it is the Levites who collect the tithes in all our towns
where we labor. 38And the priest, the son of Aaron, shall be with the Levites when the Levites
receive the tithes. And the Levites shall bring up the tithe of the tithes to the house of our God, to
the chambers of the storehouse. 39For the people of Israel and the sons of Levi shall bring the
contribution of grain, wine, and oil to the chambers, where the vessels of the sanctuary are, as
well as the priests who minister, and the gatekeepers and the singers. We will not neglect the
house of our God."
Chapter 11
The Leaders in Jerusalem
1Now the leaders of the people lived in Jerusalem. And the rest of the people cast lots to bring one
out of ten to live in Jerusalem the holy city, while nine out of ten remained in the other towns.
2And the people blessed all the men who willingly offered to live in Jerusalem.
3These are the chiefs of the province who lived in Jerusalem; but in the towns of Judah everyone
lived on his property in their towns: Israel, the priests, the Levites, the temple servants, and the
descendants of Solomon's servants. 4And in Jerusalem lived certain of the sons of Judah and of the
sons of Benjamin. Of the sons of Judah: Athaiah the son of Uzziah, son of Zechariah, son of
Amariah, son of Shephatiah, son of Mahalalel, of the sons of Perez; 5and Maaseiah the son of
Baruch, son of Col-hozeh, son of Hazaiah, son of Adaiah, son of Joiarib, son of Zechariah, son of
the Shilonite. 6All the sons of Perez who lived in Jerusalem were 468 valiant men.
7And these are the sons of Benjamin: Sallu the son of Meshullam, son of Joed, son of Pedaiah, son
of Kolaiah, son of Maaseiah, son of Ithiel, son of Jeshaiah, 8and his brothers, men of valor, 928.
9Joel the son of Zichri was their overseer; and Judah the son of Hassenuah was second over the city.
10Of the priests: Jedaiah the son of Joiarib, Jachin, 11Seraiah the son of Hilkiah, son of Meshullam,
son of Zadok, son of Meraioth, son of Ahitub, ruler of the house of God, 12and their brothers who
did the work of the house, 822; and Adaiah the son of Jeroham, son of Pelaliah, son of Amzi, son
of Zechariah, son of Pashhur, son of Malchijah, 13and his brothers, heads of fathers' houses, 242;
and Amashsai, the son of Azarel, son of Ahzai, son of Meshillemoth, son of Immer, 14and their
brothers, mighty men of valor, 128; their overseer was Zabdiel the son of Haggedolim.
15And of the Levites: Shemaiah the son of Hasshub, son of Azrikam, son of Hashabiah, son of
Bunni; 16and Shabbethai and Jozabad, of the chiefs of the Levites, who were over the outside
work of the house of God; 17and Mattaniah the son of Mica, son of Zabdi, son of Asaph, who was
the leader of the praise, who gave thanks, and Bakbukiah, the second among his brothers; and
Abda the son of Shammua, son of Galal, son of Jeduthun. 18All the Levites in the holy city were
284.
19The gatekeepers, Akkub, Talmon and their brothers, who kept watch at the gates, were 172.
20And the rest of Israel, and of the priests and the Levites, were in all the towns of Judah, every
one in his inheritance. 21But the temple servants lived on Ophel; and Ziha and Gishpa were over
the temple servants.
22The overseer of the Levites in Jerusalem was Uzzi the son of Bani, son of Hashabiah, son of
Mattaniah, son of Mica, of the sons of Asaph, the singers, over the work of the house of God.
23For there was a command from the king concerning them, and a fixed provision for the singers,
as every day required. 24And Pethahiah the son of Meshezabel, of the sons of Zerah the son of
Judah, was at the king's side in all matters concerning the people.
Villages Outside Jerusalem
25And as for the villages, with their fields, some of the people of Judah lived in Kiriath-arba and its
villages, and in Dibon and its villages, and in Jekabzeel and its villages, 26and in Jeshua and in
Moladah and Beth-pelet, 27in Hazar-shual, in Beersheba and its villages, 28in Ziklag, in Meconah
and its villages, 29in En-rimmon, in Zorah, in Jarmuth, 30Zanoah, Adullam, and their villages,
Lachish and its fields, and Azekah and its villages. So they encamped from Beersheba to the valley
of Hinnom. 31The people of Benjamin also lived from Geba onward, at Michmash, Aija, Bethel
and its villages, 32Anathoth, Nob, Ananiah, 33Hazor, Ramah, Gittaim, 34Hadid, Zeboim, Neballat,
35Lod, and Ono, the valley of craftsmen. 36And certain divisions of the Levites in Judah were
assigned to Benjamin.
Chapter 12
Priests and Levites
1These are the priests and the Levites who came up with Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and
Jeshua: Seraiah, Jeremiah, Ezra, 2Amariah, Malluch, Hattush, 3Shecaniah, Rehum, Meremoth,
4Iddo, Ginnethoi, Abijah, 5Mijamin, Maadiah, Bilgah, 6Shemaiah, Joiarib, Jedaiah, 7Sallu, Amok,
Hilkiah, Jedaiah. These were the chiefs of the priests and of their brothers in the days of Jeshua.
8And the Levites: Jeshua, Binnui, Kadmiel, Sherebiah, Judah, and Mattaniah, who with his
brothers was in charge of the songs of thanksgiving. 9And Bakbukiah and Unni and their brothers
stood opposite them in the service. 10And Jeshua was the father of Joiakim, Joiakim the father of
Eliashib, Eliashib the father of Joiada, 11Joiada the father of Jonathan, and Jonathan the father of Jaddua.
12And in the days of Joiakim were priests, heads of fathers' houses: of Seraiah, Meraiah; of
Jeremiah, Hananiah; 13of Ezra, Meshullam; of Amariah, Jehohanan; 14of Malluchi, Jonathan; of
Shebaniah, Joseph; 15of Harim, Adna; of Meraioth, Helkai; 16of Iddo, Zechariah; of Ginnethon,
Meshullam; 17of Abijah, Zichri; of Miniamin, of Moadiah, Piltai; 18of Bilgah, Shammua; of
Shemaiah, Jehonathan; 19of Joiarib, Mattenai; of Jedaiah, Uzzi; 20of Sallai, Kallai; of Amok, Eber;
21of Hilkiah, Hashabiah; of Jedaiah, Nethanel.
22In the days of Eliashib, Joiada, Johanan, and Jaddua, the Levites were recorded as heads of
fathers' houses; so too were the priests in the reign of Darius the Persian. 23As for the sons of
Levi, their heads of fathers' houses were written in the Book of the Chronicles until the days of
Johanan the son of Eliashib. 24And the chiefs of the Levites: Hashabiah, Sherebiah, and Jeshua the
son of Kadmiel, with their brothers who stood opposite them, to praise and to give thanks,
according to the commandment of David the man of God, watch by watch. 25Mattaniah,
Bakbukiah, Obadiah, Meshullam, Talmon, and Akkub were gatekeepers standing guard at the
storehouses of the gates. 26These were in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua son of Jozadak,
and in the days of Nehemiah the governor and of Ezra, the priest and scribe.
Dedication of the Wall
27And at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem they sought the Levites in all their places, to bring
them to Jerusalem to celebrate the dedication with gladness, with thanksgivings and with singing,
with cymbals, harps, and lyres. 28And the sons of the singers gathered together from the district
surrounding Jerusalem and from the villages of the Netophathites; 29also from Beth-gilgal and
from the region of Geba and Azmaveth, for the singers had built for themselves villages around
Jerusalem. 30And the priests and the Levites purified themselves, and they purified the people and
the gates and the wall.
31Then I brought the leaders of Judah up onto the wall and appointed two great choirs that gave
thanks. One went to the south on the wall to the Dung Gate. 32And after them went Hoshaiah and
half of the leaders of Judah, 33and Azariah, Ezra, Meshullam, 34Judah, Benjamin, Shemaiah, and
Jeremiah, 35and certain of the priests' sons with trumpets: Zechariah the son of Jonathan, son of
Shemaiah, son of Mattaniah, son of Micaiah, son of Zaccur, son of Asaph; 36and his relatives,
Shemaiah, Azarel, Milalai, Gilalai, Maai, Nethanel, Judah, and Hanani, with the musical
instruments of David the man of God. And Ezra the scribe went before them. 37At the Fountain
Gate they went up straight before them by the stairs of the city of David, at the ascent of the wall,
above the house of David, to the Water Gate on the east.
38The other choir of those who gave thanks went to the north, and I followed them with half of
the people, on the wall, above the Tower of the Ovens, to the Broad Wall, 39and above the Gate
of Ephraim, and by the Gate of Yeshanah, and by the Fish Gate and the Tower of Hananel and the
Tower of the Hundred, to the Sheep Gate; and they came to a halt at the Gate of the Guard. 40So
both choirs of those who gave thanks stood in the house of God, and I and half of the officials
with me; 41and the priests Eliakim, Maaseiah, Miniamin, Micaiah, Elioenai, Zechariah, and
Hananiah, with trumpets; 42and Maaseiah, Shemaiah, Eleazar, Uzzi, Jehohanan, Malchijah, Elam,
and Ezer. And the singers sang with Jezrahiah as their leader. 43And they offered great sacrifices
that day and rejoiced, for God had made them rejoice with great joy; the women and children also
rejoiced. And the joy of Jerusalem was heard far away.
Service at the Temple
44On that day men were appointed over the storerooms, the contributions, the firstfruits, and the
tithes, to gather into them the portions required by the Law for the priests and for the Levites
according to the fields of the towns, for Judah rejoiced over the priests and the Levites who
ministered. 45And they performed the service of their God and the service of purification, as did
the singers and the gatekeepers, according to the command of David and his son Solomon. 46For
long ago in the days of David and Asaph there were directors of the singers, and there were songs
of praise and thanksgiving to God. 47And all Israel in the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of
Nehemiah gave the daily portions for the singers and the gatekeepers; and they set apart that
which was for the Levites; and the Levites set apart that which was for the sons of Aaron.
Chapter 13
Nehemiah's Final Reforms
1On that day they read from the Book of Moses in the hearing of the people. And in it was found
written that no Ammonite or Moabite should ever enter the assembly of God, 2for they did not
meet the people of Israel with bread and water, but hired Balaam against them to curse them--yet
our God turned the curse into a blessing. 3As soon as the people heard the law, they separated
from Israel all those of foreign descent.
4Now before this, Eliashib the priest, who was appointed over the chambers of the house of our
God, and who was related to Tobiah, 5prepared for Tobiah a large chamber where they had
previously put the grain offering, the frankincense, the vessels, and the tithes of grain, wine, and
oil, which were given by commandment to the Levites, singers, and gatekeepers, and the
contributions for the priests. 6While this was taking place, I was not in Jerusalem, for in the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes king of Babylon I went to the king. And after some time I asked leave
of the king 7and came to Jerusalem, and I then discovered the evil that Eliashib had done for
Tobiah, preparing for him a chamber in the courts of the house of God. 8And I was very angry,
and I threw all the household furniture of Tobiah out of the chamber. 9Then I gave orders, and
they cleansed the chambers, and I brought back there the vessels of the house of God, with the
grain offering and the frankincense.
10I also found out that the portions of the Levites had not been given to them, so that the Levites
and the singers, who did the work, had fled each to his field. 11So I confronted the officials and
said, "Why is the house of God forsaken?" And I gathered them together and set them in their
stations. 12Then all Judah brought the tithe of the grain, wine, and oil into the storehouses. 13And I
appointed as treasurers over the storehouses Shelemiah the priest, Zadok the scribe, and Pedaiah
of the Levites, and as their assistant Hanan the son of Zaccur, son of Mattaniah, for they were
considered reliable, and their duty was to distribute to their brothers. 14Remember me, O my God,
concerning this, and do not wipe out my good deeds that I have done for the house of my God
and for his service.
15In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps
of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which
they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold
food. 16Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on
the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! 17Then I confronted the nobles of Judah
and said to them, "What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? 18Did not
your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city?
Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath."
19As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded
that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the
Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on
the Sabbath day. 20Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem
once or twice. 21But I warned them and said to them, "Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you
do so again, I will lay hands on you." From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. 22Then
I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to
keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according
to the greatness of your steadfast love.
23In those days also I saw the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, Ammon, and Moab.
24And half of their children spoke the language of Ashdod, and they could not speak the language
of Judah, but the language of each people. 25And I confronted them and cursed them and beat
some of them and pulled out their hair. And I made them take oath in the name of God, saying,
"You shall not give your daughters to their sons, or take their daughters for your sons or for
yourselves. 26Did not Solomon king of Israel sin on account of such women? Among the many
nations there was no king like him, and he was beloved by his God, and God made him king over
all Israel. Nevertheless, foreign women made even him to sin. 27Shall we then listen to you and do
all this great evil and act treacherously against our God by marrying foreign women?"
28And one of the sons of Jehoiada, the son of Eliashib the high priest, was the son-in-law of
Sanballat the Horonite. Therefore I chased him from me. 29Remember them, O my God, because
they have desecrated the priesthood and the covenant of the priesthood and the Levites.
30Thus I cleansed them from everything foreign, and I established the duties of the priests and
Levites, each in his work; 31and I provided for the wood offering at appointed times, and for the
firstfruits.Remember me, O my God, for good.